Attenuation of Nano-Tio2 Induced Genotoxicity, Mutagenicity and Apoptosis by Chlorophyllin in Mice Cardiac Cells

Despite uses of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in various consumer and medical products therapy increasing human daily exposure, little studies were conducted on its cardiotoxicity. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the possible modulation of nanoTiO2 induced genotoxicity, mutagenicity and apoptosis by chlorophyllin (CHL) coadministration in mice cardiac cells. Mice were injected into the abdominal cavity with TiO2 (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w) suspended either in deionized dist. water or in CHL (40 mg/kg b.w) solution for five consecutive days and scarified 24 hour after the last injections. CHL co-administration resulting in significant reductions in tail length, %DNA in tail and tail moment that was highly elevated in nano-TiO2 treated groups in a dose dependent manner, also the appearance of both apoptotic fragmentized Laddered and smeared DNA on agarose gel was returned to the normal unfragmentized appearance. The observed dose dependent high incidence of mutations inductions in p53 exons (5-8) and myocardial cells infiltrations by inflammatory cells, hemorrhage and congested blood vessels by nano-titanium was attenuated by CHL co-administration. Finally, CHL improved the antioxidant defense system indicated by significant reduction in malondialdiahyde level and increases in reduced glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity that were disrupted in nano-titanium treated groups. In conclusion: nanoTiO2 particles induced genotoxicity, mutagenicity and apoptosis were attenuated by CHL co-administration in mice cardiac cells. It is recommended for further studies to detect the CHL dose that completely normalize nano-titanium induced cardiotoxicity.